Corrigé territoire et mémoire : exercices d’anglais terminale

1. to commemorate : i
2. a memorial : g
3. to pay tribute to : b
4. heritage : d
5. to acknowledge : e
6. an apology : c
7. reparations : j
8. to topple : a
9. dispossession : h
10. ancestral lands : f

1. silence
2. wreath
3. poppy
4. sacred
5. apology
6. plaque
7. legacy
8. Treaty

1. Windrush : 1948
2. Armistice : 1918
3. Colston : 2020
4. Abolition de la traite : 1807
5. Mabo : 1992
6. 13e amendement : 1865
7. Excuses de Kevin Rudd : 2008
8. Slavery Abolition Act : 1833

1. The guns stopped on the Western Front: the First World War armistice came into force.
2. At the Cenotaph in Whitehall, London.
3. Because poppies were among the first plants to grow on the battlefields of Flanders.
4. A Canadian doctor who wrote a famous poem about Flanders in 1915.
5. It supports veterans and their families.
6. Some prefer a white poppy for peace, and others feel that wearing a poppy has become an obligation rather than a personal choice.

1. Juneteenth.
2. The National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.
3. Waitangi Day and Anzac Day.
4. Australian and New Zealand soldiers landed there in 1915, during the First World War.
5. Waitangi Day, which marks the treaty between the British Crown and Māori chiefs.
6. Réponse modèle : Waitangi Day, because the treaty is still used today to settle Māori land claims: remembering it means discussing who owns the land.

1. True : « during a Black Lives Matter protest… pulled down ».
2. False : « a seventeenth-century merchant ».
3. True : « through the Royal African Company, which transported… enslaved Africans ».
4. False : « schools, streets and a concert hall bore his name ».
5. False : « Campaigners had long asked for the statue to be removed ».
6. False : « displayed, lying down… in a city museum ».

1. It is said that the poppy is a symbol of sacrifice. / The poppy is said to be a symbol of sacrifice.
2. It is believed that about 12.5 million Africans were forced across the Atlantic. / About 12.5 million Africans are believed to have been forced across the Atlantic.
3. Uluru is considered (to be) a sacred site.
4. It is estimated that thousands of children died in residential schools.
5. The statue is reported to have been thrown into the harbour. / It is reported that the statue was thrown into the harbour.
6. The treaty is known to have been signed in 1840. / It is known that the treaty was signed in 1840.

Quand le fait est antérieur, on emploie l’infinitif passé : to have been.

1. Every year, we pay tribute to the soldiers who died in battle.
2. The statue was pulled down (toppled) in 2020.
3. Indigenous peoples are demanding the return of their ancestral lands.
4. Slavery was abolished in most British colonies in 1833.
5. The government made a formal apology.
6. We should not erase history; we should explain it.

1. Nous reconnaissons que cette école se trouve sur les terres traditionnelles du peuple wurundjeri.
2. N’oublions jamais. (littéralement : de peur que nous n’oubliions)
3. Le musée confronte les visiteurs à l’héritage de la traite négrière.
4. En 1992, la Haute Cour a rejeté l’idée que l’Australie avait été une terra nullius.
5. De nombreux membres de la génération Windrush ont été menacés d’expulsion à tort.

1. REMOVE
2. KEEP
3. REMOVE
4. KEEP (avec contextualisation)
5. REMOVE
6. KEEP
7. REMOVE (déplacer au musée)
8. KEEP : l’argument condamne le renversement par la foule, sans exclure un retrait décidé démocratiquement.

Réponses modèles :

1. We acknowledge that our school stands on the traditional, ancestral and unceded territory of the Musqueam people. We are grateful to learn and live on this land.
2. Why do some memories shape public space while others have long been left out of it?
3. Remembrance Day honours soldiers who died for their country, whereas Juneteenth celebrates the freedom of people who had been enslaved in that same country. The first is a national ritual, whereas the second only became a federal holiday in 2021. Both, however, link a date to a place.
4. Today we stand in silence for those who never came home. They were young, some no older than us. Wearing this poppy is not about glorifying war; it is about remembering the cost of peace. Lest we forget.
5. Statues are not neutral: they honour the people they represent. Leaving a slave trader on a pedestal sends a message to the descendants of his victims. However, destroying monuments may also erase the evidence of a painful past. The best solution is to move controversial statues to museums, where they can be explained, and to let elected councils decide. In this way, a city can face its history instead of either glorifying or hiding it.