Corrigé innovations et responsabilité : exercices première

1. c (a breakthrough = une percée)
2. h (space debris = les débris spatiaux)
3. e (a side effect = un effet secondaire)
4. f (to launch = lancer)
5. a (gene editing = la modification génétique)
6. g (accountable = responsable, qui doit rendre des comptes)
7. b (privacy = la vie privée)
8. d (the assembly line = la chaîne de montage)

1. The reusable rocket is a major innovation in space travel. (nom)
2. The company is known for its innovative products. (adjectif)
3. Many people think that editing human embryos is not ethical. (adjectif)
4. It would be irresponsible to ignore the risks. (adjectif négatif)
5. A scientist must think about the consequences of her discoveries. (nom de personne)
6. Protecting the planet is everyone’s responsibility. (nom)

Ordre : 3 – 5 – 2 – 6 – 4 – 1.

1. The Luddites destroy machines (1811-1816).
2. Mary Shelley publishes Frankenstein (1818).
3. The Outer Space Treaty is signed (1967).
4. Neil Armstrong walks on the Moon (1969).
5. The World Wide Web is invented (1989).
6. Dolly the sheep is born (1996).

1. False : “Old satellites, pieces of rockets and even a lost glove.”
2. True : “about 28,000 kilometres an hour.”
3. False : “a fragment the size of a coin can destroy a satellite.”
4. True : “In 2009, two satellites collided by accident.”
5. False : “the main problem is not technical. No international law forces companies to clean up.”
6. True : “If we treat it like a dustbin, our grandchildren will pay the price.”

1. The steam-powered mill (1784) is the oldest innovation on the timeline.
2. The moving assembly line appeared in 1913.
3. Twenty-three years separate them (1989-2012).
4. CRISPR gene editing belongs to the field of biology.
5. Réponse possible : The World Wide Web raises the question of privacy, because our personal data is collected online.

1. For : autonomie des personnes amputées.
2. Against : creusement des inégalités.
3. For : aide aux personnes paralysées.
4. Against : effets à long terme inconnus.
5. For : continuité avec l’histoire humaine des outils.
6. Against : risque de piratage.

1. The researchers carried out an experiment on mice. (expérience scientifique)
2. She is a brilliant scientist. (nom de personne)
3. Tourists can now travel into space. (sans article)
4. We need to check the results before publishing them. (vérifier)
5. The project was eventually abandoned after ten years of work. (finalement)
6. They did a lot of research on gene editing. (indénombrable)

1. No country can claim the Moon. (base verbale après un modal)
2. Dolly the sheep was cloned in Scotland in 1996. (pas d’article devant une année)
3. Scientists should be accountable for their discoveries.
4. The information about the patients was stolen. (indénombrable, verbe au singulier)
5. The Luddites were destroying machines because they were scared of losing their jobs.
6. Just because we can doesn’t mean we must do it. (pas de to après un modal)

1. No country can claim the Moon. (ou take possession of the Moon)
2. Space debris threatens satellites. (debris est indénombrable)
3. This discovery could cure genetic diseases.
4. Scientists must think about the consequences of their research.
5. The precautionary principle means waiting when in doubt.
6. Only the richest will be able to afford these implants.

1. L’espace devrait être exploré dans l’intérêt de tous les pays.
2. L’automatisation a déjà remplacé de nombreux ouvriers d’usine.
3. Modifier un embryon a aussi des conséquences sur les générations futures.
4. L’inventeur du Web a choisi de ne pas le breveter.
5. Ce n’est pas parce qu’on peut le faire qu’on doit le faire.

Exemple d’essai modèle :