Present perfect ou prétérit : exercices pour apprendre à choisir le bon temps. Repère les indices, raisonne sur le sens et passe du bilan au récit comme le font les anglophones.
Les exercices
Present perfect ou prétérit : exercices de choix
Les douze exercices vont du tri des marqueurs à la rédaction d’un petit dialogue.
Exercice 1 : trie les marqueurs de tempsIndique si chaque marqueur va avec le prétérit (P) ou le present perfect (PP).
- yesterday
- already
- three weeks ago
- never
- last Saturday
- yet
- in 1969
- just
Choisis la forme correcte.
- I (saw / have seen) Max yesterday.
- She (has never eaten / never ate) Japanese food in her life.
- We (moved / have moved) to Brest two years ago.
- Look! Somebody (broke / has broken) the window.
- (Did you finish / Have you finished) your homework yet?
- Neil Armstrong (has walked / walked) on the Moon in 1969.
- They (have just arrived / just arrived). They’re in the hall.
- When (did you get / have you got) home last night?
Mets le verbe entre parenthèses au prétérit ou au present perfect.
- I (lose) ___ my keys. Can you help me find them?
- My grandfather (be) ___ a sailor when he was young.
- We (not / see) ___ the new film yet.
- Last summer, my family (go) ___ to Scotland.
- She (already / read) ___ that book.
- Christopher Columbus (sail) ___ to America in 1492.
- (you / ever / try) ___ surfing?
- He (call) ___ me an hour ago.
Écris la question qui correspond à la réponse donnée.
- Yes, I have. I’ve been to London twice.
- I arrived at 8 o’clock.
- No, she hasn’t finished yet.
- We went to the museum last Monday.
- Yes, they have. They’ve already eaten.
- He bought it in a small shop in Dublin.
Chaque phrase contient une erreur de temps. Recopie-la correctement.
- I have visited Paris last year.
- When have you seen the film?
- She has gone to Spain two weeks ago.
- Did you ever ride a camel? (expérience de vie)
- We have met in 2020.
- Look! It snowed. Everything is white.
- Shakespeare has written Romeo and Juliet.
Complète chaque mini-dialogue : la première réponse au present perfect, la seconde au prétérit.
- A: Have you ever seen a ghost? B: Yes, I (see) ___ one! I (see) ___ it in an old castle last year.
- A: Has Lisa found a job? B: Yes, she (find) ___ one. She (start) ___ last Monday.
- A: Have you ever broken a bone? B: Yes, I (break) ___ my arm. It (happen) ___ when I was nine.
- A: Have they bought a new car? B: Yes, they (buy) ___ one. They (pay) ___ a lot for it.
- A: Have you met our new teacher? B: Yes, I (meet) ___ her. I (meet) ___ her this morning in the corridor.
Lis le texte, puis complète les verbes entre parenthèses au prétérit ou au present perfect.
In 1911, two teams of explorers (1. race) ___ to the South Pole. The Norwegian team, led by Roald Amundsen, (2. arrive) ___ first, on 14 December 1911. Robert Scott’s British team (3. reach) ___ the Pole a month later. Since then, many people (4. travel) ___ to Antarctica. Today, scientists live there all year round. Last winter, thousands of tourists (5. visit) ___ the continent by boat. My cousin is a scientist: she (6. spend) ___ two winters there so far. Last year, she (7. send) ___ me a photo of a penguin colony. I (8. never / see) ___ anything so beautiful!
Traduis ces phrases. Réfléchis bien au temps.
- J’ai perdu mon portefeuille. Je ne le trouve pas.
- J’ai perdu mon portefeuille hier, mais je l’ai retrouvé.
- As-tu déjà mangé des scones ?
- Quand es-tu rentré de vacances ?
- Ils sont partis il y a dix minutes.
- Nous n’avons pas encore fini.
Traduis ces phrases en français.
- I’ve just seen a fox in the garden!
- I saw a fox in the garden last night.
- Have you heard the news?
- Did you hear the storm last night?
- She has never flown before.
Lis la carte postale, puis indique pour chaque verbe souligné par des crochets [ ] s’il est au prétérit ou au present perfect, et justifie par un mot du texte ou par le sens.
Dear Grandma,
Greetings from Edinburgh! We [1. have been] here for three days and we [2. have already seen] lots of things. Yesterday we [3. climbed] Arthur’s Seat and we [4. had] a picnic at the top. Two days ago, Dad [5. lost] his hat in the wind! I [6. have never eaten] haggis, but I [7. have just bought] some shortbread for you.
Love, Ella
Écris 6 à 8 phrases. Commence par un bilan au present perfect, puis raconte au prétérit. Aide-toi de ces étapes.
- Fais un bilan : I’ve had a great / terrible weekend!
- Dis une chose que tu as faite pour la première fois (never… before).
- Raconte ce que tu as fait samedi (on Saturday…).
- Raconte ce que tu as fait dimanche (on Sunday…).
- Ajoute un moment précis avec ago ou yesterday.
- Termine par une chose que tu n’as pas encore faite (yet).
Associe chaque question (1 à 6) à la bonne réponse (a à f).
- Have you ever been to Wales?
- When did you go to Wales?
- Has the film started yet?
- What time did the film start?
- Have you finished your lunch?
- Did you finish your lunch yesterday?
a. At 8.30. — b. Yes, I have. Can I have dessert? — c. In 2023, with my school. — d. No, I didn’t. I wasn’t hungry. — e. Yes, I have, twice. — f. Not yet, it starts in five minutes.


